What do the colour of our nails tell us? Dr DM Mahajan, senior consultant, dermatology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, says the colour of our nails can provide valuable insights into our overall health and well-being. Healthy nails should appear pinkish-white, with a smooth and uniform surface. Any discolouration or abnormalities may indicate underlying medical conditions or deficiencies.
For instance, pale or white nails can be a sign of anaemia or poor circulation, while yellow or greenish nails may indicate a fungal infection or respiratory issues. Blue or purple discolouration can signify problems with the heart or lungs, while dark streaks or lines can be an early warning sign of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. Additionally, brittle or ridged nails may suggest a lack of certain nutrients or hormonal imbalances. By paying attention to the colour and appearance of our nails, we can potentially detect early signs of various health issues and seek appropriate medical attention.
Does it signify disease, and how?
Yes, the colour and appearance of our nails can be an indicator of various diseases or health conditions. For instance, yellow nails with a chalky appearance may suggest a fungal infection, while brown or black streaks could be a warning sign of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. White nails can be a symptom of kidney disease, diabetes, or liver problems, while bluish nails may indicate low oxygen levels in the blood, potentially linked to respiratory or cardiovascular conditions. Brittle or spoon-shaped nails can be associated with iron deficiency anaemia or thyroid disorders. Furthermore, ridges, pitting, or horizontal lines on the nails can be caused by various factors, such as injuries, nutritional deficiencies, or certain medications. By recognising these nail changes and consulting a healthcare professional, individuals can receive timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment for the underlying condition before it progresses further.
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Do striations also indicate any health condition?
Yes, striations or abnormal lines on the nails can be indicative of various underlying health conditions. Vertical ridges or striations running from the cuticle to the tip of the nail are common and often harmless, especially as we age. However, horizontal ridges or lines across the nails, known as Beau’s lines, can be a sign of a more serious issue. These lines are typically caused by an interruption in the nail’s growth due to a specific event or illness.
Beau’s lines may indicate conditions such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, zinc deficiency, or severe viral infections like pneumonia or Covid-19. They can also be a result of high fever, chemotherapy, or severe malnutrition. In some cases, these lines may be the first visible sign of an underlying condition, prompting further medical evaluation and treatment. Additionally, discoloured striations or lines can suggest conditions like melanoma or other pigmentation disorders.
Can serious conditions like cancer also be indicated through nails?
Yes, changes in the appearance of nails can sometimes be an early indicator of conditions like cancer. One concerning sign is the development of dark lines or streaks running longitudinally along the nails, which can be a manifestation of subungual melanoma, a form of skin cancer that affects the nails. Additionally, unexplained clubbing of the nails, where the nails curve downward and the fingertips become bulbous, may be associated with lung cancer or other respiratory diseases. Furthermore, certain nail abnormalities can be secondary symptoms of cancers affecting other parts of the body. For instance, pale or white nails with a thin, flat appearance may indicate anaemia, which can be a consequence of cancers like leukaemia or lymphoma. Yellow or brown discolouration of the nails can sometimes be linked to kidney or liver cancers. While these nail changes are not definitive signs of cancer, they can serve as red flags prompting further medical evaluation, particularly when accompanied by other symptoms. Early detection is crucial in the management of cancer, and vigilance towards any unusual nail changes can potentially lead to timely diagnosis and treatment.
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